NOAA defines a heat wave as a prolonged period of exceptionally hot weather, lasting at least two days, which can occur with or without high humidity. As climate change progresses, the anticipation of extended and intense heat waves in various regions of the world becomes a reality. Scientists have recently confirmed that June marked the fourth-hottest month ever recorded globally.
With the prospect of more heat waves looming and a significant one currently affecting a large portion of the United States, the potential for heat-related health issues has been escalating.
Some women buy hats to protect themselves from the sun in Seville on April 26, 2023 as Spain is bracing for an early heat wave.
What Can Extreme Temperatures Do to the Body?
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), exposure to extreme temperatures may lead to a heat-related illness. This could occur when the body's temperature regulation system is overwhelmed, leading to rapid rises in body temperature that can damage vital organs.
Factors such as high humidity, age, obesity, dehydration, and certain health conditions can impede the body's ability to cool down during hot weather.
The most severe form is heat stroke, characterized by a rapid increase in body temperature, failure of the sweating mechanism, and potentially life-threatening symptoms including extremely high body temperature, dry skin, rapid pulse, headache, dizziness, nausea, confusion, and unconsciousness. Prompt medical attention is crucial to prevent death or permanent disability.
READ ALSO: UK Heat Wave Causes Air Force Base to Close Due to Melting Tarmac
Tips To Cool Down Even Without Air Conditioning
During summer heat waves, regions unaccustomed to hot climates may face challenges as many homes lack air conditioning. MedicineNet shares some measures individuals can take to stay cool even without air conditioning in their homes.
- Enhance air circulation by using box fans and ceiling fans- Create an "exhaust" system by opening doors within the house and using box fans to expel hot air outside, while drawing in cooler evening air.
- Cool your body using water- Cool down by soaking your feet in buckets or basins, wearing wet towels or bandannas on your shoulders or head, taking cool showers or baths, and using a spray bottle with cold water for refreshing spritzes.
- Stay on the ground floor- Hot air rises so staying on the ground floor is much cooler.
- Remove additional sources of heat- Avoid using incandescent light bulbs and ensure that computers and appliances are not left running unnecessarily. Opt for fresh foods that don't require cooking on the oven or stove.
- Stay hydrated- Increase your water intake to stay hydrated. If you're sweating heavily, replenish electrolytes by consuming a small amount of food with water or by drinking electrolyte replacement drinks.
- Avoid eating too much protein- Consuming meals high in protein can raise metabolic heat and help to warm the body.
- Do not drink alcoholic or caffeinated drinks- Avoid alcoholic beverages and caffeine as they have diuretic effects and can contribute to dehydration.
- Visit public buildings with air conditioning- Seek refuge in cool environments such as libraries, shopping malls, and movie theaters during the peak heat hours of the day when the temperatures become unbearable.
- Do not forget your pets- Lowering the body temperature of animals, such as dogs, rabbits, and cats, can be achieved by providing them with a refreshing bath or shower, which helps to keep them cool.
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