(Photo : Pavel Danilyuk)

How's it going? If you're a business owner or manager, you may have considered implementing drug testing at your company. With substance use on the rise, it makes sense to want to protect your employees and your bottom line. But is workplace drug testing really all it's cracked up to be?

The information below will break down the types of drug tests, look at the key advantages, and talk about how to put together an effective drug testing policy. My goal is to give you the straight scoop so you can make the most informed decision for your company.

The Different Flavors of Drug Testing

When it comes to drug testing in the workplace, there are a few different flavors to choose from. Each type serves a specific purpose and has its own pros and cons. Here's a quick overview:

Pre-Employment Testing

This screens job candidates for drug use before you officially hire them. The idea is to avoid bringing on board employees who could be impaired on the job. According to one estimate, pre-employment testing reduces the likelihood of hiring drug users by 5-20%.

Random Testing

Pop quizzes for your existing employees. Random tests deter drug use by keeping employees accountable. About 52% of employers with testing programs use random testing.

Reasonable Suspicion Testing

When you suspect an employee may be under the influence based on their appearance, behavior, or job performance, you can require a reasonable suspicion test. This allows you to intervene if an employee has a drug problem.

Post-Accident Testing

Did an on-the-job accident occur? Testing afterward helps determine if drugs or alcohol were a factor. This info can then prevent future incidents.

Return-to-Duty and Follow-Up

For employees in recovery, these tests monitor for continued sobriety when returning to work or on probation.

Perks & Benefits: Why Consider Drug Testing?

Implementing drug testing at your company can serve up some tasty benefits. These are the main ones to consider:

Improved Safety

This is likely the #1 motivator for workplace drug testing. Studies show drug testing reduces accidents in the workplace. When workers aren't impaired, they can operate equipment safely and react quickly in critical situations. This protects your most valuable assets - your employees.

Drug testing also shows you are taking reasonable steps to ensure a safe workplace. In the event of an incident, it demonstrates due diligence and could reduce liability claims.

Cost Savings

Workplace drug use costs American companies an estimated $81 billion per year in healthcare expenses related to injuries and accidents. Just something to chew on.

By getting drug use under control, you reduce costs associated with workplace accidents, healthcare claims, and even hiring and training new employees when you have to replace someone. A little prevention goes a long way.

Legal Protection

Depending on your industry, regulations likely require drug testing programs. This includes transportation, nuclear energy, aviation, and federal contractors. Failing to comply puts you at risk of hefty fines.

Even without mandates, courts view drug testing as a sign you take employee safety seriously. Should an incident occur, it shows you took reasonable steps to prevent accidents. That could be the difference between a liable ruling or not.

Increased Productivity

There are many causes and costs of absenteeism. However, when absenteeism, wasted time, and reduced performance are due to drug use it costs U.S. companies up to $100 billion per year. Drug testing acts as a deterrent, keeping employees focused on work instead of getting high on the job.

Studies report the implementation of drug testing leads to 10-20% gains in productivity. When your team is functioning at its peak, your company reaps the rewards. Cha-ching.

Company Reputation

Let's face it, stories of workplace drug scandals aren't exactly good PR. On the flip side, drug testing reinforces a clean, professional image. This helps attract safety-minded clients and partners.

It also promotes a drug-free culture that empowers workers in recovery. Employees appreciate knowing they can count on you to provide healthy boundaries.

Building Your Own Workplace Drug Testing Menu

Hopefully, you now see the potential benefits of drug testing for your organization. But simply announcing "We're doing mandatory drug testing." and calling it a day won't cut it. To do it right, you'll need an effective program.

Create a Comprehensive Policy

Your drug testing policy should clearly outline testing methods, procedures, and disciplinary actions for failed tests. Be sure to review legal compliance for your state. The policy provides the blueprint for the program.

Select Your Testing Method(s)

Popular options include urine, saliva, hair follicle, and alcohol breathalyzer tests. You may not know, but there is now a fingerprint test for cocaine. Consider accuracy, cost, and detection windows. You can tailor testing approaches based on your specific objectives.

Educate Employees

Communicate details of the new policy to employees before it takes effect. Discuss the rationale, risks of drug use, and counseling resources. This increases understanding and buy-in. Consider an anonymous survey to address any concerns.

Train Management

Managers play a crucial role in overseeing testing protocols and handling results. Proper training ensures smooth implementation and compliance. Cover how to recognize signs of impairment as well.

Document and Evaluate

Track testing data such as how often tests occur, pass/fail rates, and outcomes. Review periodically to gauge effectiveness and make changes as needed. Consistent monitoring is key.

Addressing Key Concerns Around Drug Testing

While workplace drug testing programs offer many benefits, some common concerns arise regarding privacy, accuracy, and employee morale. Let's explore some best practices for addressing these issues.

Protecting Employee Privacy

Drug tests that require urine, blood, or hair samples understandably make some employees uneasy. safeguard privacy and ease anxieties by:

• Allowing private sample collection without direct observation

• Ensuring samples are coded for confidentiality

• Restricting test result access to HR only

• Providing advance notice before random tests

Keep in mind that a properly implemented program focuses on safety, not policing employees' personal lives. And there are government regulations and online security to worry about when data about employees is stored.

Ensuring Accurate Test Results

No drug test is 100% error-proof. But you can maximize accuracy by:

• Using certified labs and confirming positives with a second test

• Avoiding over-the-counter tests and relying on professional methods

• Looking into hair testing, which is harder to cheat and detect prior weeks' use

Have a process for retesting if an employee disputes a positive result. Proper procedures reduce the chances of false positives derailing careers.

With proper precautions, companies can implement effective drug testing programs that respect privacy, ensure accuracy, and maintain positive employee relations. A well-planned policy eases objections and unlocks the benefits of deterrence and risk reduction testing provides.

The Final Verdict?

Workplace drug testing clearly has benefits when done right, but also some drawbacks to consider. While testing isn't a silver bullet, it can be an important piece of an overall drug prevention strategy.

But it takes thoughtful policies, employee education, and manager training to do it in an ethical, productive way. Rash implementation without care for employees as people first can backfire.

At the end of the day, you know your company culture best. Consider both perspectives, get employee input, and make the choice that's right for your situation.